I tried to use the --use-video-settings command line option to make the game start up in full screen.
Actually I did not want to modify the resolution, but the --help output says I have to specify width and height, so I used:
--use-video-settings=800x600x*xtrue
Unfortunately the game exits with an error (segfaults) there saying: Error converting from string to int.
When I use this instead...
--use-video-settings=800x600x*x1
...then there is no error but the game does not switch to full screen nevertheless.